Acute Care Nurse Practitioner Certification 2025 – 400 Free Practice Questions to Pass the Exam

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Which layer of the skin is primarily affected by smallpox?

Epidermis

Smallpox primarily affects the epidermis, which is the outermost layer of the skin. The disease is characterized by the formation of vesicular lesions that develop on the skin, starting in the epidermis. These lesions progress through several stages, including macules, papules, vesicles, pustules, and eventually scabs, all of which occur primarily within the epidermal layer.

The dermis, the layer beneath the epidermis, contains the connective tissue, blood vessels, and nerve endings, but the initial viral replication and lesions associated with smallpox manifest in the epidermis. The subcutaneous tissue serves primarily as insulation and a cushion for the structures above it, while the muscle layer lies beneath the skin and is not directly involved in the pathophysiology of smallpox. Thus, the correct answer reflects the specific layer where the effects of the disease are most prominent.

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Dermis

Subcutaneous tissue

Muscle layer

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