Acute Care Nurse Practitioner Certification 2025 – 400 Free Practice Questions to Pass the Exam

Chloasma, also known as melasma, is characterized by brown-to-gray-brown patches on the skin, usually occurring on the face. It is often associated with hormonal changes, particularly increased levels of estrogen, which can occur during pregnancy or with the use of oral contraceptives. The condition arises due to the stimulation of melanocytes (the cells responsible for pigment production) by estrogen, leading to excessive pigmentation.

While hirsutism, menorrhagia, and bloating can also occur due to hormonal imbalances, they are not specifically classified as an excessive estrogenic effect. Hirsutism, usually linked to androgen excess rather than estrogen, features abnormal hair growth in areas typical of male-pattern hair. Menorrhagia refers to heavy menstrual bleeding, which can arise from various causes, including progesterone deficiency and uterine conditions. Bloating, often a subjective symptom, can be influenced by multiple factors, such as dietary choices and gastrointestinal issues, rather than being strictly a sign of excessive estrogen.

In summary, chloasma distinctly represents a consequence of excessive estrogen activity, showcasing its role in skin pigmentation changes, thus making it a more appropriate choice for excessive estrogenic effects.